Obesity in Dental Practice: Perceptions and Knowledge of Dental Students in Tunisia

Abstract

Background:- Obesity and overweight are significant global health concerns, affecting both children and adults, with rising prevalence rates worldwide. In Tunisia, the situation mirrors global trends, with increasing obesity rates linked to urbanization and shifts toward high-calorie, low-nutrient diets. Dentists play a fundamental role in addressing this issue and the prevention of this problem. This study aimed to provide insights into the perspectives and understanding of dental students in their academic training.

Methods:- This cross-sectional study, conducted from May 2022 to April 2023 at the Faculty of Dental Medicine in Monastir, Tunisia, investigated undergraduate dental students' education, opinions, beliefs, and knowledge. A questionnaire, divided into four sections—general characteristics, education, opinions, and knowledge—was randomly distributed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The chi-square test was applied to compare percentages at a significance level of 0.05.

Results:- Most dental students reported moderate knowledge of obesity but recognized its high prevalence in Tunisia and supported dentists' involvement in prevention. BMI was the preferred identification tool, and females spent more time studying obesity-related topics than males. Besides, the comparison between clinical and preclinical students was almost statistically significant.

Conclusion:- This study represents an initial exploration of obesity and overweight within the Tunisian population, revealing a selfreported low level of obesity education among dental students, regardless of gender or clinical experience. It emphasizes the dentist's dual role in identifying obese patients and acting as a crucial link for prevention with other medical specialties.