Prefabrication as A Means for Modular Building Techniques and Automation

Abstract

The global construction industry is observing a significant revolution towards faster, cost-effective, and sustainable building techniques, with modular construction at the lead. This practice comprises off-site construction of building components, leveraging factory-controlled atmospheres to improve efficiency, reduce waste, and minimize on-site labor challenges. Prefabrication in contemporary architecture and civil infrastructure has been energized by innovations in digital design tools, Building Information Modelling (BIM), robotic manufacturing, and sustainable materials. These developments address current encounters such as housing deficiencies, rapid urbanization, labor shortage, and environmental dilapidation. The significance of modular construction has been highlighted during global disorders like the COVID-19 pandemic, showcasing the significance of speediness and scalability in edifice. Modular construction methods, comprising panelized (2D), volumetric (3D), hybrid, kit-of-parts, and sub-component assembly, offer benefits such as faster construction timelines, better- quality control, and reduced on-site waste likened to traditional approaches. However, challenges such as site-specific limitations, lack of technical know-how, transport logistics, upfront design complication, public observation, and controlling compliance delay the prevalent acceptance of modular construction. Integrating software engineering, such as design optimization using Python, logistics optimization through route optimization algorithms, and manufacturing automation with control systems, can improve prefabrication procedures through automation and optimization. These technologies can modernize processes, advance efficiency, and address key challenges confronted in modular construction. Overall, with the right approaches and investments, modular construction has the possible to transform building design and delivery practices globally.